Learn how to say someone/something is something in Bulgarian
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Intro |
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| Jonathan: Hello and welcome to the Absolute Beginner series at BulgarianPod101.com. This is season 1, lesson 7, What is this? in Bulgarian. I’m Jonathan. |
| Iva: hello in Bulgarian And I’m Iva! |
| Jonathan: In this lesson, you'll learn how to answer the question “Can you tell me what this is?” in Bulgarian. |
| Iva: This conversation takes place outside Peter’s house. |
| Jonathan: The conversation is between Martin, Martin’s wife Irina and Peter. |
| Iva: Martin and Peter are friends, but Martin’s wife, Irina, is meeting Peter for the first time. So, some of the expressions are formal but the overall tone is informal. |
| Jonathan: OK, let’s listen to the conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
| (natural, native speed) |
| Мартин: Питър, това е съпругата ми Ирина. |
| Питър: Ирина? Здравейте, аз съм Питър. |
| Ирина: Здравейте, Питър. Вие сте колега и приятел на Мартин, нали? Много ми е приятно. |
| Питър: И на мен ми е много приятно най-после да се запознаем. |
| Jonathan: Now let’s hear the conversation one time slowly. |
| Мартин: Питър, това е съпругата ми Ирина. |
| Питър: Ирина? Здравейте, аз съм Питър. |
| Ирина: Здравейте, Питър. Вие сте колега и приятел на Мартин, нали? Много ми е приятно. |
| Питър: И на мен ми е много приятно най-после да се запознаем. |
| Jonathan: And Now with the English translation. |
| Мартин: Питър, това е съпругата ми Ирина. |
| Martin: Peter, this is my wife Irina. |
| Питър: Ирина? Здравейте, аз съм Питър. |
| Peter: Irina? Hello, I'm Peter. |
| Ирина: Здравейте, Питър. Вие сте колега и приятел на Мартин, нали? Много ми е приятно. |
| Irina: Hello, Peter. You are Martin's colleague and friend, right? Nice to meet you. |
| Питър: И на мен ми е много приятно най-после да се запознаем. |
| Peter: Nice to finally meet you too! (Nice to finally meet you too?) |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Jonathan: OK, so in this lesson’s dialogue we learned how to give names or say that [someone] is [something]. Iva, tell us more about the usage of this form. |
| Iva: Hmm, where to start... well, Bulgarians will often want to make sure that you are happy and comfortable during your stay in Bulgaria. |
| Jonathan: You mean that they’ll ask you if you are hot or cold, hungry or sleepy? |
| Iva: Yes, and they will use the auxiliary verb plus adjectives and adverbs all the time. |
| Jonathan: Similar to the main point of this lesson, where we use the auxiliary verb plus nouns. |
| Iva: Yes, you’ll learn how to say “I am...”, “you are...” etc. |
| Jonathan: Sounds good! Now let’s move onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Jonathan: Now let’s take a look at the vocabulary in this lesson. The first word we shall see is... |
| Iva: Здравейте |
| Jonathan: Hello (formal) |
| Iva: Здравейте (slow, broken down by syllable) |
| Iva: Здравейте |
| Iva: Много ми е приятно |
| Jonathan: Nice to meet you |
| Iva: Много ми е приятно (slow, broken down by syllable) |
| Iva: Много ми е приятно |
| Iva: аз |
| Jonathan: I |
| Iva: аз (slow, broken down by syllable) |
| Iva: аз |
| Iva: съм |
| Jonathan: (I) am |
| Iva: съм (slow, broken down by syllable) |
| Iva: съм |
| Iva: нали |
| Jonathan: Right? |
| Iva: нали (slow, broken down by syllable) |
| Iva: нали |
| Iva: съпруга |
| Jonathan: wife |
| Iva: съпруга (slow, broken down by syllable) |
| Iva: съпруга |
| Iva: приятел |
| Jonathan: friend |
| Iva: приятел (slow, broken down by syllable) |
| Iva: приятел |
| Iva: колега |
| Jonathan: colleague |
| Iva: колега (slow, broken down by syllable) |
| Iva: колега |
| Iva: приятно |
| Jonathan: pleasantly |
| Iva: приятно (slow, broken down by syllable) |
| Iva: приятно |
| KEY VOCABULARY AND PHRASES |
| Jonathan: Let’s take a closer look at some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Iva: First comes "Здравейте". |
| Jonathan: It is the formal version of the informal greeting… |
| Iva: "Здравей"… |
| Jonathan: And… |
| Iva: "Здрасти" which is the most informal of the three. |
| Jonathan: Do you remember those? Listeners, repeat the three phrases after Iva. |
| Iva: "Здравейте". "Здравей". "Здрасти". |
| Jonathan: OK, now we have all the levels from the most formal one to the most informal one. |
| Okay Iva, what’s the next one? |
| Iva: “Нали”? |
| Jonathan: That means “right”, right? |
| Iva: Yes, “нали” means “right”. It is used to end a question which needs confirmation. |
| Jonathan: You mean to confirm some kind of information in a question, like the English "A is B isn't it?" or “A isn’t B, is it?” |
| Iva: That’s right. |
| Jonathan: I see. And the last phrase is? |
| Iva: “Най-после”. |
| Jonathan: It means “at last” or “finally”. |
| Iva: Yes, it is used to express that you have expected something with great anticipation and positive feelings. |
| Jonathan: Tell us more about its form, is it an adverb? |
| Iva: It is a superlative of the adverb “после” which means “then” or “after”. |
| Jonathan: Nice! I think that’s all about the special phrases in this lesson. Let’s look at the grammar now. |
| Iva: “Най-после”. |
| Jonathan: You were looking forward to this part, right? |
| Iva: You mean, “нали”? |
| Jonathan: OK, got it! Grammar time! |
Lesson focus |
| Jonathan: The focus of this lesson is giving names using the ‘A is B’ structure. Can you show us the first-person conjugation? |
| Iva: It’s “Аз съм [B]”. |
| Jonathan: “I am [B]”. |
| Iva: Yes. We’ll go over the rest of the conjugations of this in a moment. |
| Jonathan: Let’s hear an example of this “I am B” structure. |
| Iva: For example, you can say “I am a student”, which in Bulgarian is “Аз съм ученик” using the masculine form of the noun for “student”, or “Аз съм ученичка” using the feminine form. |
| Jonathan: Can you repeat the sentences again? Listeners, listen and repeat after Iva. |
| Iva: “Аз съм ученик”. |
| Jonathan: “I am a student” using the masculine noun. |
| Iva: “Аз съм ученичка” |
| Jonathan: “I am a student” using the feminine noun. |
| Iva: Yes, the masculine and the feminine of the noun “student” in Bulgarian. “Ученик” and “ученичка”. |
| Jonathan: Let’s hear the rest of the conjugations for the auxiliary verb to be. |
| Iva: Sure. First person singular съм |
| Jonathan: “I am.” |
| Iva: Second person singular си |
| Jonathan: “You are” (in singular) |
| Iva: Third person singular е |
| Jonathan: “He”, “she” or “it is” |
| Iva: First person plural сме |
| Jonathan: “We are” |
| Iva: Second person plural сте |
| Jonathan: “You are” (in plural) |
| Iva: Third person plural са |
| Jonathan: “They are” |
| Iva: Note that in many cases, the pronoun is omitted and just the auxiliary verb expresses who is performing the action. |
| Jonathan: Give us an example. |
| Iva: If you want to say “I am hungry” you will just use the adjective for “hungry”, which is “гладен” (for the masculine). |
| Jonathan: And you have to add the first person singular form of the auxiliary verb… |
| Iva: …which is “съм”, as we said. So we have “Гладен съм.” |
| Jonathan: And just for the record, give us the whole expression. |
| Iva: “Аз съм гладен.” |
| Jonathan: “I am hungry.” |
| Iva: See, the word order changes when you use the pronoun. |
| Jonathan: First comes the pronoun, then the auxiliary verb, then the adjective or the noun, according to the sentence you want to compose. |
| Iva: So it’s either Аз съм гладен., with the pronoun, or Гладен съм, without. |
| Jonathan: Great! Well listeners, I think that’s going to do it for this lesson. Make sure you check the accompanying lesson notes for more information and examples. |
| Iva: See you next time! |
| Jonathan: Bye everyone! |
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