Dialogue

Vocabulary

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Lesson Notes

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Lesson Transcript

Intro

Jonathan: Hello and welcome to the Absolute Beginner series at BulgarianPod101.com. This is season 1, lesson 7, What is this? in Bulgarian. I’m Jonathan.
Iva: hello in Bulgarian And I’m Iva!
Jonathan: In this lesson, you'll learn how to answer the question “Can you tell me what this is?” in Bulgarian.
Iva: This conversation takes place outside Peter’s house.
Jonathan: The conversation is between Martin, Martin’s wife Irina and Peter.
Iva: Martin and Peter are friends, but Martin’s wife, Irina, is meeting Peter for the first time. So, some of the expressions are formal but the overall tone is informal.
Jonathan: OK, let’s listen to the conversation.

Lesson conversation

(natural, native speed)
Мартин: Питър, това е съпругата ми Ирина.
Питър: Ирина? Здравейте, аз съм Питър.
Ирина: Здравейте, Питър. Вие сте колега и приятел на Мартин, нали? Много ми е приятно.
Питър: И на мен ми е много приятно най-после да се запознаем.
Jonathan: Now let’s hear the conversation one time slowly.
Мартин: Питър, това е съпругата ми Ирина.
Питър: Ирина? Здравейте, аз съм Питър.
Ирина: Здравейте, Питър. Вие сте колега и приятел на Мартин, нали? Много ми е приятно.
Питър: И на мен ми е много приятно най-после да се запознаем.
Jonathan: And Now with the English translation.
Мартин: Питър, това е съпругата ми Ирина.
Martin: Peter, this is my wife Irina.
Питър: Ирина? Здравейте, аз съм Питър.
Peter: Irina? Hello, I'm Peter.
Ирина: Здравейте, Питър. Вие сте колега и приятел на Мартин, нали? Много ми е приятно.
Irina: Hello, Peter. You are Martin's colleague and friend, right? Nice to meet you.
Питър: И на мен ми е много приятно най-после да се запознаем.
Peter: Nice to finally meet you too! (Nice to finally meet you too?)
POST CONVERSATION BANTER
Jonathan: OK, so in this lesson’s dialogue we learned how to give names or say that [someone] is [something]. Iva, tell us more about the usage of this form.
Iva: Hmm, where to start... well, Bulgarians will often want to make sure that you are happy and comfortable during your stay in Bulgaria.
Jonathan: You mean that they’ll ask you if you are hot or cold, hungry or sleepy?
Iva: Yes, and they will use the auxiliary verb plus adjectives and adverbs all the time.
Jonathan: Similar to the main point of this lesson, where we use the auxiliary verb plus nouns.
Iva: Yes, you’ll learn how to say “I am...”, “you are...” etc.
Jonathan: Sounds good! Now let’s move onto the vocab.
VOCAB LIST
Jonathan: Now let’s take a look at the vocabulary in this lesson. The first word we shall see is...
Iva: Здравейте
Jonathan: Hello (formal)
Iva: Здравейте (slow, broken down by syllable)
Iva: Здравейте
Iva: Много ми е приятно
Jonathan: Nice to meet you
Iva: Много ми е приятно (slow, broken down by syllable)
Iva: Много ми е приятно
Iva: аз
Jonathan: I
Iva: аз (slow, broken down by syllable)
Iva: аз
Iva: съм
Jonathan: (I) am
Iva: съм (slow, broken down by syllable)
Iva: съм
Iva: нали
Jonathan: Right?
Iva: нали (slow, broken down by syllable)
Iva: нали
Iva: съпруга
Jonathan: wife
Iva: съпруга (slow, broken down by syllable)
Iva: съпруга
Iva: приятел
Jonathan: friend
Iva: приятел (slow, broken down by syllable)
Iva: приятел
Iva: колега
Jonathan: colleague
Iva: колега (slow, broken down by syllable)
Iva: колега
Iva: приятно
Jonathan: pleasantly
Iva: приятно (slow, broken down by syllable)
Iva: приятно
KEY VOCABULARY AND PHRASES
Jonathan: Let’s take a closer look at some of the words and phrases from this lesson.
Iva: First comes "Здравейте".
Jonathan: It is the formal version of the informal greeting…
Iva: "Здравей"…
Jonathan: And…
Iva: "Здрасти" which is the most informal of the three.
Jonathan: Do you remember those? Listeners, repeat the three phrases after Iva.
Iva: "Здравейте". "Здравей". "Здрасти".
Jonathan: OK, now we have all the levels from the most formal one to the most informal one.
Okay Iva, what’s the next one?
Iva: “Нали”?
Jonathan: That means “right”, right?
Iva: Yes, “нали” means “right”. It is used to end a question which needs confirmation.
Jonathan: You mean to confirm some kind of information in a question, like the English "A is B isn't it?" or “A isn’t B, is it?”
Iva: That’s right.
Jonathan: I see. And the last phrase is?
Iva: “Най-после”.
Jonathan: It means “at last” or “finally”.
Iva: Yes, it is used to express that you have expected something with great anticipation and positive feelings.
Jonathan: Tell us more about its form, is it an adverb?
Iva: It is a superlative of the adverb “после” which means “then” or “after”.
Jonathan: Nice! I think that’s all about the special phrases in this lesson. Let’s look at the grammar now.
Iva: “Най-после”.
Jonathan: You were looking forward to this part, right?
Iva: You mean, “нали”?
Jonathan: OK, got it! Grammar time!

Lesson focus

Jonathan: The focus of this lesson is giving names using the ‘A is B’ structure. Can you show us the first-person conjugation?
Iva: It’s “Аз съм [B]”.
Jonathan: “I am [B]”.
Iva: Yes. We’ll go over the rest of the conjugations of this in a moment.
Jonathan: Let’s hear an example of this “I am B” structure.
Iva: For example, you can say “I am a student”, which in Bulgarian is “Аз съм ученик” using the masculine form of the noun for “student”, or “Аз съм ученичка” using the feminine form.
Jonathan: Can you repeat the sentences again? Listeners, listen and repeat after Iva.
Iva: “Аз съм ученик”.
Jonathan: “I am a student” using the masculine noun.
Iva: “Аз съм ученичка”
Jonathan: “I am a student” using the feminine noun.
Iva: Yes, the masculine and the feminine of the noun “student” in Bulgarian. “Ученик” and “ученичка”.
Jonathan: Let’s hear the rest of the conjugations for the auxiliary verb to be.
Iva: Sure. First person singular съм
Jonathan: “I am.”
Iva: Second person singular си
Jonathan: “You are” (in singular)
Iva: Third person singular е
Jonathan: “He”, “she” or “it is”
Iva: First person plural сме
Jonathan: “We are”
Iva: Second person plural сте
Jonathan: “You are” (in plural)
Iva: Third person plural са
Jonathan: “They are”
Iva: Note that in many cases, the pronoun is omitted and just the auxiliary verb expresses who is performing the action.
Jonathan: Give us an example.
Iva: If you want to say “I am hungry” you will just use the adjective for “hungry”, which is “гладен” (for the masculine).
Jonathan: And you have to add the first person singular form of the auxiliary verb…
Iva: …which is “съм”, as we said. So we have “Гладен съм.”
Jonathan: And just for the record, give us the whole expression.
Iva: “Аз съм гладен.”
Jonathan: “I am hungry.”
Iva: See, the word order changes when you use the pronoun.
Jonathan: First comes the pronoun, then the auxiliary verb, then the adjective or the noun, according to the sentence you want to compose.
Iva: So it’s either Аз съм гладен., with the pronoun, or Гладен съм, without.
Jonathan: Great! Well listeners, I think that’s going to do it for this lesson. Make sure you check the accompanying lesson notes for more information and examples.
Iva: See you next time!
Jonathan: Bye everyone!

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