Dialogue

Vocabulary

Learn New Words FAST with this Lesson’s Vocab Review List

Get this lesson’s key vocab, their translations and pronunciations. Sign up for your Free Lifetime Account Now and get 7 Days of Premium Access including this feature.

Or sign up using Facebook
Already a Member?

Lesson Notes

Unlock In-Depth Explanations & Exclusive Takeaways with Printable Lesson Notes

Unlock Lesson Notes and Transcripts for every single lesson. Sign Up for a Free Lifetime Account and Get 7 Days of Premium Access.

Or sign up using Facebook
Already a Member?

Lesson Transcript

Intro

Jonathan: Hello and welcome to the Absolute Beginner series at BulgarianPod101.com. This is season 1, lesson 21, A Banana-Loving Bulgarian Baby. I’m Jonathan.
Iva: Hello. And I’m Iva!
Jonathan: In this lesson you'll learn how to talk about habitual actions.
Iva: This conversation again takes place at Peter’s house.
Jonathan: It’s between Martin, Irina and Peter; they are talking about Peter’s daughter Sarah.
Iva: The speakers already know each other so their speech is informal.
Jonathan: Let’s listen to the conversation.

Lesson conversation

(Sarah cries.)
Ирина: О, Сара, гладна ли си? Питър, Сара яде ли банани?
Питър: Да, яде. Сара много обича банани.
Ирина: Така ли? Ето, Сара, заповядай.
(Sarah laughs.)
(Dog whines.)
Мартин (far away): Питър, Шаро яде ли банани?
Jonathan: Now let’s hear the conversation one time slowly. (slow speed, broken down by syllable)
(Sarah cries.)
Ирина: О, Сара, гладна ли си? Питър, Сара яде ли банани?
Питър: Да, яде. Сара много обича банани.
Ирина: Така ли? Ето, Сара, заповядай.
(Sarah laughs.)
(Dog whines.)
Мартин (far away): Питър, Шаро яде ли банани?
Jonathan: And now with the English translation.
(Sarah cries)
Irina: Oh, Sarah, are you hungry~?
:Peter, does Sarah eat bananas?
Peter: Yes, she does. Sarah loves bananas!
Irina: Oh, really? Okay, Sarah. Here you go.
(Sarah laughs)
(Dog whines)
Martin (far away): Peter, does Sharo eat bananas?
POST CONVERSATION BANTER
Jonathan: OK, let’s talk a little about Bulgarian eating habits.
Iva: That’s a good idea because asking what Bulgarians like and talking about what you like is a great way to practice the grammar from this lesson!
Jonathan: So Iva, what do Bulgarians like to eat most often?
Iva: Bulgarians love lyutenitsa, yogurt, and hot peppers.
Jonathan: Would you find these three things on every Bulgarian table?
Iva: Yes, definitely. The first one, lyutenitsa is similar to ketchup but has more vegetables, and it’s quite often homemade.
Jonathan: One more typical thing – Bulgarians will have bread on their table so be prepared to eat bread with almost every dish.
Iva: Of course, using what you have learned from the previous lessons, you can say that you do not like it, if you need to.
Jonathan: How about the yogurt? Tell us more about it!
Iva: One important point about the yogurt – Bulgarians actually eat it almost every day, if not every day. And again, sometimes it is made at home because of the Lactobacillus Bulgaricus, which is a special feature of the region.
Jonathan: It’s famous!
Iva: Also note that yogurt is not considered a dessert or a light meal; more often it is included in main dishes as a topping, and as the main ingredient of soups, salads and sandwiches.
Jonathan: A yogurt sandwich sounds interesting - I hope I can try one someday! Okay, now onto the vocab.
VOCAB LIST
Jonathan: Now let’s take a look at the vocabulary in this lesson. The first word we shall see is...
Iva: гладен
Jonathan: hungry
Iva: гладен (slow, broken down by syllable)
Iva: гладен
Iva: ям
Jonathan: to eat
Iva: ям (slow, broken down by syllable)
Iva: ям
Iva: банан
Jonathan: banana
Iva: банан (slow, broken down by syllable)
Iva: банан
Iva: много
Jonathan: very much, a lot
Iva: много (slow, broken down by syllable)
Iva: много
Iva: обичам
Jonathan: to like; to love
Iva: обичам (slow, broken down by syllable)
Iva: обичам
Iva: ето
Jonathan: Here you are
Iva: ето (slow, broken down by syllable)
Iva: ето
Iva: заповядай
Jonathan: Help yourself
Iva: заповядай (slow, broken down by syllable)
Iva: заповядай
Iva: така ли?
Jonathan: Is that so?
Iva: така ли? (slow, broken down by syllable)
Iva: така ли?
KEY VOCABULARY AND PHRASES
Jonathan: Let’s take a closer look at some of the words and phrases from this lesson. What’s first, Iva?
Iva: First we have “Гладен”.
Jonathan: What does that mean?
Iva: It is the Bulgarian adjective for the English “hungry”; this form is in the masculine.
Jonathan: So like other Bulgarian adjectives, it has masculine, feminine and neutral forms, as well as a plural form.
Iva: That’s right. These are – “гладен”, “гладна”, “гладно”, and “гладни”.
Jonathan: Iva, could you repeat these for our listeners?
Iva: “гладен”, “гладна”, “гладно”, and “гладни”. Just note that the neutral form can be used when talking about babies or pets/animals.
Jonathan: OK, that’s useful to know. What’s next?
Iva: “Ям”.
Jonathan: That’s the verb “to eat”, right?
Iva: Yes! Like the other Bulgarian verbs, its form changes when we conjugate the verb. Here are the variations – “ям”, “ядеш”, “яде”, “ядем”, “ядете”, “ядат”.
Jonathan: Can you repeat those? Listeners, repeat after Iva.
Iva: “ям”, “ядеш”, “яде”, “ядем”, “ядете”, “ядат”.
Jonathan: What’s special about this verb?
Iva: Well, one thing for example, is that the word for “meal” originated from this verb – “ядене”, and it literally means “eating”.
Jonathan: OK. “meal” or “eating” and..?
Iva: “ядене”.
Jonathan: What is the last word we have?
Iva: “Банан”.
Jonathan: I know this one!
Iva: Good job! It’s the Bulgarian word for the English noun “banana”.
Jonathan: Easy to remember! Can you give us some similar examples?
Iva: OK, here are some words for fruits: “lemon”/”лимон”, “cherry”/”череша”, “grapefruit”/”грейпфрут”, “kiwi”/”киви”, and “cassis”/”касис”.
Jonathan: They are really similar!
Iva: Yep, they sure are!
Jonathan: OK, now let’s go to the grammar.

Lesson focus

Jonathan: In this lesson, we are going to learn how to ask about someone doing a habitual action in Bulgarian.
Iva: The way we compose these questions is as follows: first we put the subject (noun or pronoun); then we put the verb in its appropriate form (third person singular or plural); after that we use the particle for asking questions in Bulgarian, “ли”; and at the end we put the direct object.
Jonathan: I think we need an example.
Iva: For example, we may ask the question “Does he play golf?” in English.
Jonathan: And in Bulgarian that will be..?
Iva: In Bulgarian this will sound like this: “Той играе ли голф?”
Jonathan: Can you repeat them for our listeners, please?
Iva: Yes, “Does he play golf?” - “Той играе ли голф?”
Jonathan: OK, this sentence is using the third person singular form of the verb “to play” or “играя” in Bulgarian.
Iva: “играе.” The same sentence, when asked about two or more people, will sound like this in Bulgarian: “Те играят ли голф?”
Jonathan: “Do they play golf?” Listeners, repeat after Iva.
Iva: “Те играят ли голф?” [pause]
Jonathan: As you can see, this is a question about preference, activities that are performed often, habitual actions, and so on.
Iva: Yes, but we need to know how to tell if it is about habitual action and not an action done in the present.
Jonathan: Because in Bulgarian the sentences might sound the same but in English we can have “Do they play golf?” and “Are they playing golf?”
Iva: Yes. The Bulgarian sentences will all be the same - “Те играят ли голф?”
Jonathan: How can we tell the difference?
Iva: In order to be able to tell the difference between these two in Bulgarian, take note of the context these kinds of questions are asked in.
Jonathan: I see. You can tell easily if you pay attention to whether it is about habitual actions,and not an action being done at that moment.
Iva: Like the example from this lesson, “Peter, does Sarah eat bananas?”
Jonathan: Could you repeat the Bulgarian for our listeners?
Iva: Yes, “Питър, Сара яде ли банани?”
Jonathan: Yes, in this case we know that the question is if Sarah likes bananas, not if she’s eating one at that moment.
Iva: Exactly.
Jonathan: What else can you tell us?
Iva: Well, this type of telling information about habitual actions usually includes the Bulgarian verb “обичам” which you should already know, means “to like” or “to love”.
Jonathan: As far as I remember, it’s used to express any type of favorite activity, hobby or ability in Bulgarian.
Iva: Yes, that’s right.
Jonathan: Can you give us an example?
Iva: “Ядеш ли люти чушки?” And “Обичаш ли люти чушки”.
Jonathan: The first one is “Do you eat chili peppers?” and the second one – “Do you like chili peppers?”
Iva: Yes! Both have the same meaning actually.
Jonathan: OK, listeners, you’ll find many more useful examples in the lesson notes, so be sure to check those out. That’s all from us for now!
Iva: I hope you enjoyed this lesson.
Jonathan: See you next time!
Iva: Bye everyone!

Comments

Hide